Informatics Publishing Limited

S. Jeyakumar ¹, P. Nallathai ², N. Nithiyanandam ³

Affiliations
1 E.C.E Department, Agni College of Technology, Chennai, IN
2 B.S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai, IN
3 E.C.E Department, B. S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Hyper spectral Images (usually referred to as 3rd order tensor Array Cubes), have initiated the need for compression because of their intense multidimensional volumetric data either while transferring or for storage purposes. A principal compression strategy suggested is that, for Hyperspectral images, a method of transferring 3 1D (1*N) matrices is emphasized in the place of 1 3D (N*N*N) matrix thereby increasing the Compression Factor to N2/3 effectively.
Another efficient approach to compress these Hyperspectral images is to exhibit both spatial and spectral information reduction techniques i.e. elimination of correlated information in adjacent spectral bands of the captured image. Therefore, a combination of one such method is proposed which involves:
Step1 refers to applying 3-D Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to the bands of interest of the Hyperspectral image data such as NASA's Airborne Visual/Infrared Image Spectroscopy (AVIRIS) datasets (like Cuprite & Moffett field), etc. Step 2 refers to applying significant compression cum decomposition algorithms to the results of Step 1 to estimate individual 1D vector or tensor components. On processing with real-time Hyperspectral images of larger dimensions, a need for greater computational efficiency occurs, therefore Parallelized computational techniques are adapted accordingly in the MATLAB environment and their results have that ability to successfully reconstruct the original Hyperspectral images.

Keywords

Aviris, Compression Factor, Hyper Spectral, Matlab, Multidimensional, Parallelized and Wavelet.

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Pratik Ramesh Wankhade ¹, A. Manimaran ¹, A. Kumaresan ¹, S. Jeyakumar ¹, K. P. Ramesha ², V. Sejian ³, D. Rajendran ⁴, Minu Rachel Varghese ⁵

Affiliations
1 Livestock Research Centre, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
2 Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
3 Division of Animal Physiology, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
4 Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
5 Dairy Production Section, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Smooth transition from pregnancy to lactation is important for high productive and reproductive performance during later postpartum period in dairy animals. On the other hand, the poor transition often leads to huge economic loss to dairy farmers due to compromised production and reproduction. Therefore, understanding the causes and consequence of metabolic changes during the transition period is very important for postpartum health management. In this review, metabolic changes with reference to negative energy balance in transition cow and its effect on health and reproduction during the later postpartum period in dairy animals are discussed besides the role of metabolic inflammation in postpartum performance in dairy animals.

Keywords

Acute Phase Proteins, Dairy Cows, Inflammatory Cytokines, Negative Energy Balance, Transition Period.

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Narender Kumar ¹, A. Manimaran ¹, M. Sivaram ², A. Kumaresan ³, S. Jeyakumar ¹, L. Sreela ⁴, P. Mooventhan ⁵, D. Rajendran ⁶

Affiliations
1 Livestock Research Centre, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
2 Dairy Economics and Statistics Section, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
3 Theriogenology Laboratory, Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN
4 Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal-132001, Haryana, IN
5 ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Baronda, Raipur-493225, Chhattisgarh, IN
6 Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru-560030, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Aim: Evaluation of the effect of clinical mastitis (CM) and its treatment outcome on the reproductive performance in crossbred cows retrospectively.
Materials and Methods: Datasets of 835 lactating cows affected with CM during a period of 12 years (2001-2012) were considered for this study. Mastitis treatment related data and reproductive parameters such as days to first detected heat (DTFDH), days to first insemination (DTFI), days open (DO), and number of services per conception (SC) were collected from mastitis treatment and artificial insemination registers, respectively. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS 20 software. The means were compared with the Duncan’s multiple comparison post-hoc test.
Results: CM affected cows had significantly (p<0.05) higher DTFDH, DTFI, DO and SC compared to clinically healthy cows. Cows diagnosed with a single episode of CM had significantly (p<0.05) delayed DTFDH while, DO and SC were significantly higher (p<0.05) in cows diagnosed by multiple episodes of CM. SC was significantly (p<0.05) higher in cows diagnosed with both relapse and recurrence. Severe CM affected cows had significantly (p<0.05) altered reproductive parameters. The reproductive parameters were altered to high extent when CM occurred during the breeding period.
Conclusion: CM-affected cows had higher DTFDH, DTFI, DO and SC compared to clinically healthy cows. The negative effects of CM on reproduction parameters were higher when CM occurred during the breeding period.

Keywords

Clinical Mastitis, Crossbred Cows, Reproductive Parameters, Retrospective Study.

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T. Ramachandran ¹, S. Sudhakara Reddy ¹, S. Jeyakumar ²

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Mech. Engg., Malla Reddy Engg., College, Secunderabad, Telangana, IN
2 Dept. of Mech. Engg., PSNA College of Engg., and Tech., Dindigul, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Vibrations are found to be dangerous and reduce the life and reliability of the vehicle. The studies were carried out by many researchers to stiff the structures by increasing the wall thickness of the plates, rubber and to minimize the vibration by increasing the damping coefficient of the rubber materials. The conventional materials indicate an improvement in stiffness, but not satisfying the requirements of the engine vibration at different speed and load standards and also increased the mass of the structure. This research on the engine mount vibration isolation aims at developing an alternative material for the structures which exhibit good damping and stiffness characteristics. In terms of properties such as chemical resistance, ease of production, high strength to weight ratio and damping, composite materials are increasingly used in many engineering application where the vibration is predominant. In this paper, the steel plates are replaced by Al6061-SiC Metal Matrix Composites (MMC) and studies are carried out on the engine mount made of Al6061 MMC structural material and integrated with rubber. The static and dynamic properties of the Al6061MMC-rubber mounts are determined using experimental investigations. The harmonic analysis is also carried out to test the damping characteristics of the mounts.

Keywords

Al6061-SiC Rubber Mount, Damping, Mechanical Properties, Vibration Displacement, Vibration Acceleration.

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